A few bad ideas on the way to the triumph of parallel computing

Parallelism has become mainstream, in the multicore chip, the GPU, and the internet datacenter running MapReduce. In my field, large-scale scientific computing, parallelism now reigns triumphant.     

城市规划建设中存在的问题和解决措施

良好的规划设计方案能够推动城市的良性循环，并对协调城市空间布局、改善城市居住环境起到关键性的作用。本文对城市规划建设中存在的主要问题和解决措施进行了分析与论述。     

Locality‐Conscious Nested‐Loops Parallelization

To speed up data‐intensive programs, two complementary techniques, namely nested loops parallelization and data locality optimization, should be considered. Effective parallelization techniques distribute the computation and necessary data across different processors, whereas data locality places data on the same processor. Therefore, locality and parallelization may demand different loop transformations. As such, an integrated approach that combines these two can generate much better results than each individual approach. This paper proposes a unified approach that integrates these two techniques to obtain an appropriate loop transformation. Applying this transformation results in coarse grain parallelism through exploiting the largest possible groups of outer permutable loops in addition to data locality through dependence satisfaction at inner loops. These groups can be further tiled to improve data locality through exploiting data reuse in multiple dimensions.     

浅谈具有自动排尘功能的高效转子粗滤器设计原理

目前国内所采用的空气滤清器在多尘环境中使用，如何使空气滤清器在多尘环境下工作过滤来改善发动机的运行环境，使发动机的使用寿命延长，提高工作效率，聍空滤器而言空滤器中预滤系统设计得是否合理是影响这一性能的重要因素。     

Mining methodologies from NLP publications: A case study in automatic terminology recognition

The task of reviewing scientific publications and keeping up with the literature in a particular domain is extremely time-consuming. Extraction and exploration of methodological information, in particular, requires systematic understanding of the literature, but in many cases is performed within a limited context of publications that can be manually reviewed by an individual or group. Automated methodology identification could provide an opportunity for systematic retrieval of relevant documents and for exploring developments within a given discipline. In this paper we present a system for the identification of methodology mentions in scientific publications in the area of natural language processing, and in particular in automatic terminology recognition. The system comprises two major layers: the first layer is an automatic identification of methodological sentences; the second layer highlights methodological phrases (segments). Each mention is categorised in four semantic categories: Task, Method, Resource/Feature and Implementation. Extraction and classification of the segments is formalised as a sequence tagging problem and four separate phrase-based Conditional Random Fields are used to accomplish the task. The system has been evaluated on a manually annotated corpus comprising 45 full text articles. The results for the segment level annotation show an F-measure of 53% for identification of Task and Method mentions (with 70% precision), whereas the F-measures for Resource/Feature and Implementation identification were 61% (with 67% precision) and 75% (with 86% precision) respectively. At the document-level, an F-measure of 72% (with 81% precision) for Task mentions, 60% (with 81% precision) for Method mentions, 74% (with 78% precision) for the Resource/Feature and 79% (with 81% precision) for the Implementation categories have been achieved. We provide a detailed analysis of errors and explore the impact that the particular groups of features have on the extraction of methodological segments.     

自动化立体仓库系统在飞机钣金模具管理中的应用

通过设计与规划自动化立体仓库管理系统,提出了以满足工段生产需求为目标的物流配送思想,以此思想为导向,优化模具管理流程,理顺内部客户关系,实现了飞机钣金零件模具的高效、准时配送。在飞机钣金模具管理中,与传统的模具仓库管理模式相比,自动化立体仓库系统节省了场地面积,降低了人工成本,提高了零件生产效率。     

PECSTAR2．1系统在提高铸造企业信息化管理水平中的应用

介绍了铸造二厂工业电炉及自动造型线微机在线电力监控系统的研发及拓展，并介绍了在提升设备管理水平方面的应用。应用表明，该系统为铸造二厂降低动能费用支出、提高自动线开动率发挥了重要作用，已成为管理者的一项重要管理工具。     

Individual differences and the effects of an information aid in performance of a fault diagnosis task

Two experiments are reported that investigated the performance of operators in a fault diagnosis task. Naval engineers working in the Ship's Control Centre (SCC) on board of frigates of the Royal Netherlands Navy were asked to solve a number of unfamiliar fault problems. In the first experiment, it was shown that there was a high correlation (0·85) between the number of problems correctly solved and the availability of system knowledge. In addition there was an effect of the level of formal education. In a second experiment it was shown that the provision of a simple help facility that compensates for a lack of system knowledge leads to a substantial increase in the number of problems that were correctly solved. The percentage of correct solutions increased from 62 to 89%. This increase was the same for operators with either an electrical engineering or a mechanical engineering background although the former group performed slightly better than the latter. These results show that the conclusion of Morris and Rouse (1985a) that instruction in the theoretical principles on which a system is based is less effective than the training of diagnostic procedures, underestimates the importance of system knowledge for the solution of fault diagnosis problems.     

Why pay attention to paths in the practice of environmental modelling?

Taking the ‘path perspective’ helps to understand and improve the practice of environmental modelling and decision making. A path is the sequence of steps taken in a modelling project. The problem solving team faces several forks where alternative choices can be made. These choices determine the path, together with the impact of uncertainties and exogenous effects. This paper discusses phenomena that influence the problem solvers' choices at the forks. Situations are described where it can be desirable to re-direct the path or backtrack on it. Phenomena are identified that can cause the modelling project to get stuck on a poor path. The concept of a path draws attention to the interplay of behavioral phenomena and the sequential nature of modelling processes. This helps understand the overall effect of the behavioral phenomena. A path checklist is developed to help practitioners detect forks and reflect on the path of the modelling project.     

Grammar-based generation of stochastic local search heuristics through automatic algorithm configuration tools

Several grammar-based genetic programming algorithms have been proposed in the literature to automatically generate heuristics for hard optimization problems. These approaches specify the algorithmic building blocks and the way in which they can be combined in a grammar; the best heuristic for the problem being tackled is found by an evolutionary algorithm that searches in the algorithm design space defined by the grammar.In this work, we propose a novel representation of the grammar by a sequence of categorical, integer, and real-valued parameters. We then use a tool for automatic algorithm configuration to search for the best algorithm for the problem at hand. Our experimental evaluation on the one-dimensional bin packing problem and the permutation flowshop problem with weighted tardiness objective shows that the proposed approach produces better algorithms than grammatical evolution, a well-established variant of grammar-based genetic programming. The reasons behind such improvement lie both in the representation proposed and in the method used to search the algorithm design space.